Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It begins to develop in 80% of young men between the ages of 20 and 30.There are acute and chronic prostatitis.Bacterial prostatitis occurs in 10% of cases.A combination of prostatitis with prostate adenoma and cystitis is often found.
Prostatitis is usually treated at home, but severe cases and acute forms may require hospitalization.
General information
Bacteria that cause inflammation of the prostate:
- Escherichia coli (the most common pathogen);
- Klebsiella;
- staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- chlamydia;
- mycoplasma;
- gonococci;
- Trichomonas
Main symptoms:
- burning in urethra;
- difficulty urinating;
- frequent need to urinate, accompanied by unpleasant sensations;
- slow stream of urine;
- a feeling of fullness of the bladder even after urination;
- reduced potency;
- high temperature (in acute form).
Diagnostic methods:
- digital rectal examination of the prostate;
- ultrasound examination of the prostate;
- microscopic examination of the smear;
- bacterial smear culture;
- detection of bacterial DNA by PCR - Androflor.
Antibacterial therapy
The choice of antibiotics for the treatment of prostatitis is quite limited.This is due to the fact that only those antibiotics that are highly fat-soluble can accumulate in sufficiently high concentrations in the prostate.
List of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of acute prostatitis:
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Penicillins;
- Cephalosporins;
- Aminoglycosides.
Antibiotics for the treatment of chronic prostatitis:
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Macrolides;
- Tetracyclines.
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are the most effective drugs for bacterial prostatitis.Medicines of a wide spectrum.Active against all causes of prostatitis.
They are used for both acute and chronic prostatitis.
Side effects:
- photodermatitis - allergic skin irritation under the influence of sunlight;
- tendonitis - tendon inflammation;
- heart rhythm disorder - prolongation of the Q-T interval;
- anxiety;
- sleep disorder.
When fluoroquinolones are taken simultaneously with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, convulsions similar to those during an epileptic seizure may occur.
In each specific case of illness, the dose and method of use can only be prescribed by a doctor.
Macrolides
The best drugs for prostatitis caused by intracellular pathogens - chlamydia and mycoplasma.They have an anti-inflammatory effect.
The disadvantage is its low efficiency against the main pathogens - Escherichia coli and Klebsiella.
They are used only for chronic prostatitis in the form of tablets or capsules.
Side effects:
- increased liver enzymes in the blood;
- stagnation of bile;
- heart rhythm disorder - prolongation of the Q-T interval
The course is 8 weeks.
Tetracyclines
Active against chlamydia and mycoplasma.Ineffective against common prostatitis pathogens.Their main advantage is that they are cheap and efficient.
It is used only for chronic prostatitis.
The course of therapy is 8 weeks.
Side effects:
- peptic ulcer of the esophagus;
- liver and kidney damage;
- yellow staining of teeth;
- photodermatitis;
- impaired movement coordination.
Penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides
They are used in the form of injections in the following cases:
- severe course of acute prostatitis;
- lack of effect when taking fluoroquinolones;
- The main cause of prostatitis is gonococci.
Nitroimidazoles and nitrofurans
These drugs are used for prostatitis caused by trichomonas.
It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol while taking them.
Side effects:
- metallic taste in the mouth;
- impaired movement coordination;
- increased levels of liver enzymes in the blood;
- decrease in the number of red blood cells and white blood cells.
Non-antibacterial therapy
For the successful treatment of prostatitis, especially chronic, in addition to taking antibiotics, the following types of treatment are used:
- Prostate massage is the best way to improve blood supply and remove inflammatory secretions from the prostate;
- physiotherapy;
- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - are not used in parallel with fluoroquinolones;
- herbal preparations;
- alpha-blockers.